Solar physics (solar energy conversion) is a specific area within solar physics that investigates the fundamental physical processes responsible for the generation, transport, transformation, and release of energy within the Sun and its subsequent propagation into the heliosphere. Drawing upon principles from plasma physics, this concept encompasses the study of nuclear fusion in the solar core, radiative and convective energy transfer through the solar interior and atmosphere, and the storage and explosive release of magnetic energy in events like solar flares and coronal mass ejections. It specifically examines how this energy is converted into various forms, such as electromagnetic radiation, kinetic energy of particles (solar wind, energetic particles), and magnetic fields, and how these forms influence the dynamic state of the heliosphere, including space weather phenomena that affect geospace. Its significance lies in providing the foundational understanding of solar activity and its impact on the near-Earth environment.